Cathepsin L expression in plasma after acute myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion in rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To test cathepsin L as a biomarker of myocardial ischemia by examination of cathepsin L expression in plasma after myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion in rats.@*METHODS@#The rat models were established and divided in acute myocardial ischemia model (myocardial ischemia 30 min, 1 h, 2 h groups), ischemia-reperfusion model (ischemia-reperfusion group), and isoflurane-pretreated ischemia-reperfusion model (isoflurane-pretreated group), respectively. Normal control group and sham-operated group were established as contrast. The contents of cathepsin L in plasma were examined by ELISA and myocardial infarction areas were measured after TTC staining.@*RESULTS@#No statistical significant changes were found among the experimental groups compared with the normal control group and sham-operated group (P>0.05). The cathepsin L from the ischemia-reperfusion group increased to 2.37 times compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). The cathepsin L and myocardium infarction size of isoflurane-pretreated group decreased compared with the ischemia-reperfusion group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The cathepsin L in plasma is not a promising biomarker of acute myocardial ischemia. Isoflurane preconditioning can reduce the cathepsin L in plasma caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Effects of Huangqi injection on infection factors in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Huangqi injection on the infection factors in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during remission induction chemotherapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-one children with ALL were divided into treatment (n=47) and control groups (n=44) by a randomized double-blind method. During remission induction chemotherapy, the treatment group was given Huangqi injection (0.5 mL/kg·d) for 35 days, while an equal volume of normal saline was used instead in the control group; the other supportive care was the same for the two groups. After remission induction chemotherapy, the incidence of infection, duration of infection, white blood cell and neutrophil counts, site of infection, and positive rate of pathogenic bacteria in secretion were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four cases in the treatment group dropped out of the study due to allergic reaction. After remission induction chemotherapy, compared with the control group, the treatment group had a significantly lower incidence of infection (P<0.05), a shorter duration of infection at any site (P<0.05), a higher neutrophil count after chemotherapy (P<0.05), and lower incidence rates of respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, blood infection, and skin and soft tissue infections (P<0.05). Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens. Among the infected children, the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria in secretion was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Huangqi injection may reduce bone marrow suppression caused by chemotherapy drugs and increase neutrophil count during remission induction chemotherapy to reduce the incidence and duration of infection in children with ALL.</p>

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors respond differently to early myocardial ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion in vivo / 生理学报

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been demonstrated to be a mediator and marker of heart diseases. We hypothesized that the expression of S1P receptors is involved in the S1P-mediated cardioprotection in vivo and may serve as a biomarker of ischemic heart disease. In vivo models of myocardial ischemia (MI) and ischemia-reperfusion (IR) were established by ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) of rat heart, the mRNA expressions of S1PR1-3 were detected using real time PCR at different time intervals after ischemia (LAD for 15 min, 30 min, and 1 h) and IR. The results showed that mRNA expression of S1PR3, but not S1PR1 and S1PR2, increased greatly after IR. No statistical difference was found in any of the three S1P receptors after MI within 1 h. Regarding the studies of lipid concentration changes in myocardiopathy, we conclude that S1P receptors are not early response biomarkers for MI. There are different mechanisms when S1P plays a protection role in heart during MI and IR. The cooperation of lipid content and S1P receptor expression appears to form a regulation network during MI and IR.